Below is a link to some info on snow anchors. My limited experience with snow anchors has led me to consider pickets to be more reliable than flukes. As such, I think a shovel blade would generally be inferior to a picket, so the answer to your second question would be no.
But, in good dense snow, about any damn thing will hold if you stomp it in well enough, so it wouldn’t hurt to have your snow shovel rigged up so you could could put it to use.