By Chris M. Oct 15, 2007
| Are there any dynamic cordelettes on the market? seems to me that if it works for a climbing rope (distributing and diminishing force)it could work for a cord, runner, draws, the slings on cams, etc. I'm not talking bugee but 2-5% dynamicity would at least soften shocks a bit no? Should I have kept quiet and just patented this idea? |  |
By Mark Nelson From Coniferous, CO Oct 15, 2007
| I guess I don't follow.
I thought Spectra/Dyneema already had that kind of limited elongation. Perlon has much higher elongation.
I think the patent to get would be having the strength, weight, & size of dyneema/spectra combined with the elongation, flexibility, & heat tolerance of perlon; then you'd have the rigging material. |  |
By Ron Olsen Administrator From Boulder, CO Oct 15, 2007
| I don't see the need for a dynamic cordelette. If you're belaying a leader on a multi-pitch climb, you should be tied into the anchor with the climbing rope as your primary attachment. If the leader falls at the start of the next pitch before getting in any pro (a big no-no but it has happened), resulting in a factor-2 fall, the dynamic attachment of the belayer to the anchor, via the climbing rope and knots, will absorb some of the energy of the fall. Additional energy absorption by the cordelette itself is not needed, in my opinion.
The big no-no: attaching yourself to the anchor with just a static tie-in (daisy chain, sling) instead of the climbing rope, when you're belaying a leader on a multi-pitch climb.
I use the Mammut Dyneema Cordelette. Lightweight, compact, strong. Not dynamic, but that's not important to me. |  |
By John Hegyes From Las Vegas, NV Oct 15, 2007
| Sorry, Ron beat me to it, but here it goes again:
I believe that all this discussion about dynamic and static materials for cordelettes might stem from the latest edition of John Long's Climbing Anchors book. In it he makes a big case for using plain nylon cord, 7mm, for the cordelette rather than the Spectra blends such as Titan 5.5mm. Reason being that the nylon stretches and the spectra does not.
This is less of an issue when there is several feet of climbing rope in play, but apparently a serious concern when say, some one slips at the anchor while tethered with their static daisy chain. Or worst case, in a fall directly onto the anchor while leading (the fall factor 2 scenario). John Long writes that any amount of stretch in the cordelette is better than the virtually zero stretch of the spectra. |  |
By Avery Nelson From Boulder, CO Oct 15, 2007
| Ron Olsen wrote: The big no-no: attaching yourself to the anchor with just a static tie-in (daisy chain, sling) instead of the climbing rope, when you're belaying a leader on a multi-pitch climb.
Ron... I'm not sure I'm totally sold on that. If you tie in 6" from the power point, in reality -- how dynamic is that connection? How dynamic are double ropes, tied-in in the same fashion. I would guess pretty much static relative to the belay, itself!
Then again, a short loop of dynamic cord might not make much difference, either. If you really want to reduce that risk at the anchor, you could use a screamer at the power point. This has a real potential to reduce factor 2 fall forces, eh?
Yes, it would be a potential single point of failure if you use just one. I recall reading some time ago in Mark Twight's book that he always carries 3. One for each anchor, and one for a manky alpine piece in-between.
I personally believe in always having the rope tied into the anchor, but that's not the primary reason. |  |
By Ron Olsen Administrator From Boulder, CO Oct 15, 2007
| Avery Nelson wrote: Ron... I'm not sure I'm totally sold on that. If you tie in 6" from the power point, in reality -- how dynamic is that connection? How dynamic are double ropes, tied-in in the same fashion. I would guess pretty much static relative to the belay, itself! The tightening of the tie-in knots, both at the belayer's harness and the anchor, absorb some of the energy of the fall, in addition to the stretch of the rope itself. Don't discount this factor, regardless of how short the tie-in is. Certainly NOT a static attachment. |  |
By Mark Nelson From Coniferous, CO Oct 16, 2007
| I love the cordalette, its utility applications are diverse enough so that I carry 2 and forgo the specialized anchor rigging. I wish the 5.5s had more elongation, but the nylon sheath helps tremendously for other than anchor rigging uses.
My thought on a varied rigging using slings depends on the situation. I will go with a redundant limited extention sliding X if I thought a traversing runout lead off the anchor was a possibility. So I'd just use my slings.
I also love the dynamic climbing rope anchor, simple, strong, elastic, easy & fast for lead swapping.
Any case, I haven't found a need for specialized anchor rigging.
I go with the rope as the anchor tie-in primary, good idea, give yourselves a shock absorber with a simple clove, then the sling/PAS for the redundant.
Don't fall on the anchor (while leading). With all the posts generated, myself included & responsible for a great deal of discussion, not falling on the anchor is really what the #1 rule should be. |  |
By Lee Smith Oct 16, 2007
| Avery et. al.,
I am not sure it is wise to use a screamer as a power point tie-in. Screamers reduce forces but when they extend all the way they instantly become static and that increases the load on the anchor dramatically. I have to admit that this would be a very high energy fall, but it is possible.
In their product literature, Yates recommends only using the screamer on marginal pro, although they don't strictly forbid its use on an anchor.
I can also think of a few cases where it would be detrimental for the belay to be dynamic--when the position of the belayer could cause him to lose control of the belay (hitting a wall or going over an edge) if there was alot of stretch in the system.
I like and use what Mark suggested--tie into the power point with the rope and PAS clipped for redundancy. |  |
By Charles Danforth From L'ville, CO Oct 16, 2007
| Ron Olsen wrote: I don't see the need for a dynamic cordelette. If you're belaying a leader on a multi-pitch climb, you should be tied into the anchor with the climbing rope as your primary attachment. If the leader falls at the start of the next pitch before getting in any pro (a big no-no but it has happened), resulting in a factor-2 fall, the dynamic attachment of the belayer to the anchor, via the climbing rope and knots, will absorb some of the energy of the fall. Additional energy absorption by the cordelette itself is not needed, in my opinion. What, am I the only person that belays straight off the anchor? I usually do this when belaying my second, and sometimes while belaying the leader as well. My theory is that I'd rather have the anchor taking the force of a fall than my self. Should my partner be incapacitated for some reason, I can tie off the belay and move around independantly.
In any case, I agree that the small amount of elongation you'd get from a dynamic cordelette is minor compared to other elongation in the system (the rope, knots, body deformation, etc.). |  |
By Ladd Raine Administrator From Plymouth, NH Oct 16, 2007
| Charles Danforth wrote: What, am I the only person that belays straight off the anchor? I usually do this when belaying my second, and sometimes while belaying the leader as well. My theory is that I'd rather have the anchor taking the force of a fall than my self. Should my partner be incapacitated for some reason, I can tie off the belay and move around independantly. In any case, I agree that the small amount of elongation you'd get from a dynamic cordelette is minor compared to other elongation in the system (the rope, knots, body deformation, etc.).
I never belay off the anchor for a leader because it can be cumbersome, hard to pay out slack and in the case of a high factor fall the force wouldn't even have a chance to go through you and your harness first it would go straight to the anchor...bad news. As for not taking the fall on yourself, do you lead belay off ground anchors when climbing single pitch? no, you don't and that is because belaying a leader off your harnesss is the best way to belay a leader, hands down. As for the tying off the belay in the case a rescue is needed, just transfer the load onto the anchor via a climbheist then tie off the rope to your anchor and release yourself from the system. Also in the case of a rescue, I hope you didn't build your anchor with your rope, because you'll be needing it.
-Ladd |  |
By Ron Olsen Administrator From Boulder, CO Oct 16, 2007
| Charles Danforth wrote: What, am I the only person that belays straight off the anchor? I usually do this when belaying my second, and sometimes while belaying the leader as well. My theory is that I'd rather have the anchor taking the force of a fall than my self. Should my partner be incapacitated for some reason, I can tie off the belay and move around independantly. In any case, I agree that the small amount of elongation you'd get from a dynamic cordelette is minor compared to other elongation in the system (the rope, knots, body deformation, etc.). I almost always belay the second off the anchor, but always belay the leader off my harness. I like to use the Trango Cinch for this. Trango's instructions state that it's OK to belay a second off the anchor, but a leader should be belayed off your harness when using this device.
A friend who was trained in Europe commonly uses a Munter Hitch to belay both leaders and seconds directly off the anchor.
The Black Diamond ATC-Guide can be used in Guide Mode to bring up one or two seconds belaying directly off the anchor, but Black Diamond's instructions do not show using any of their devices (ATC, ATC-XP, or ATC-Guide) for belaying a leader off the anchor, nor do they show using the ATC or ATC-XP for belaying a second directly off the anchor. I would be wary of using these devices in a manner not approved by Black Diamond. |  |
By brenta From Boulder, CO Oct 16, 2007
| Ron Olsen wrote: nor do they show using the ATC or ATC-XP for belaying a second directly off the anchor. If one belays a second off the anchor with an ATC, the angle formed at the belay device by the rope results in very little friction. Not recommended. In fact, if the leader falls directly on the anchor, this setup is downright dangerous. |  |
By Charles Danforth From L'ville, CO Oct 16, 2007
| brenta wrote: If one belays a second off the anchor with an ATC, the angle formed at the belay device by the rope results in very little friction. Not recommended. It depends where the ATC is in relation to your body. Brenta, I belayed you off the anchor with an ATC on Saturday. The set up was such that, if you'd fallen, you would have yanked the power point (and attached ATC) downward creating a very sharp angle and lots of friction. On the other hand, if I'd belayed you off my harness and you'd fallen, you would probably have pulled me off the tiny holds I was standing on and I'd have stood a good chance of letting go of the belay in the ensuing chaos. An autolocking device would have been the logical choice, but I hadn't brought it along. |  |
By brenta From Boulder, CO Oct 16, 2007
| Charles Danforth wrote: It depends where the ATC is in relation to your body. Brenta, I belayed you off the anchor with an ATC on Saturday. The set up was such that, if you'd fallen, you would have yanked the power point (and attached ATC) downward creating a very sharp angle and lots of friction. On the other hand, if I'd belayed you off my harness and you'd fallen, you would probably have pulled me off the tiny holds I was standing on and I'd have stood a good chance of letting go of the belay in the ensuing chaos. An autolocking device would have been the logical choice, but I hadn't brought it along. You should have told me! (Just kidding. In fact, thanks for the belay.)
I assume the following setup: The rope passes through the ATC and the locker in the standard way, and the locker is clipped to the power point of the belay anchor. If the second falls, (s)he will pull down. To brake effectively, the belayer should pull up. If the belayer also pulls down, the force multiplier of the ATC is very close to 1, which is bad.
Last Saturday, the belay anchor was approximately at your waist's height, which would have made it possible for you to pull up on the rope had I fallen. However, it is usually better to be hanging from the belay anchor in a case like that; then, pulling up may be a problem. In such a case there are at least three solutions that are more effective than an ATC hanging from the anchor: (1) an ATC Guide or equivalent; (2) a Munter Hitch, which provides maximum force multiplication when both strands run in the same direction; (3) An ATC on the harness, clipped through the belay loop and the loop of rope that goes through your tie-in points. If your weight is on the rope that connects you to the belay anchor, you won't be yanked off your footholds. In fact, you may not have your feet on any footholds. |  |
By mschlocker From San Diego, CA Oct 16, 2007
| Hope I am not repeating something here. A stretchy cordelette would be cool in the fact that when you move around, a normal cordelette may only be loading one piece very much. With a little stretch, when you move around a little the stretch will allow the cordellete legs to slightly change length and it will distribute its force over all pieces more evenly.
The ultimate cordelette would be like a sliding x with no problem if a leg breaks or a piece pulls and it would be infinitely lightweight and pack up really small.
Most forces on the cordelette are static since they are used mainly to hang off of and belay a second on TR basically. During leader falls the cordelette is usually unloaded, not loaded more (the case for an upward pull piece). |  |
By Ron Olsen Administrator From Boulder, CO Oct 16, 2007
| mschlocker wrote: Hope I am not repeating something here. A stretchy cordelette would be cool in the fact that when you move around, a normal cordelette may only be loading one piece very much. With a little stretch, when you move around a little the stretch will allow the cordellete legs to slightly change length and it will distribute its force over all pieces more evenly. The ultimate cordelette would be like a sliding x with no problem if a leg breaks or a piece pulls and it would be infinitely lightweight and pack up really small. I like to use the Trango Alpine Equalizer to keep the anchor equalized if I shift position while belaying. See this post for more details. |  |
By E. Jolley Oct 16, 2007
| What about using a "equalizing figure-eight" or “bowline on a bight” with a cordalette?
I've used these configurations with the rope and believe that they would work well with a cordalette, though I’ve only seen them promoted as methods for creating equalized belay anchors using the climbing rope.
Both knots provide better equalization than a static overhand knot in the cordalette and would probably add some dynamics to the rigging as well. Does anyone see a problem with using a cordalette this way? |  |
By John McNamee Administrator From Littleton, CO Oct 16, 2007
| Cordelette's are so gay! |  |
By saxfiend Administrator From Atlanta, GA Oct 16, 2007
| Ron Olsen wrote: I like to use the Trango Alpine Equalizer to keep the anchor equalized if I shift position while belaying. See this post for more details. The Alpine Equalizer is probably my favorite gear for anchors on multi-pitch climbs. I've made myself a little "anchor kit" consisting of three locking biners and a wrapped-up AE; when I get my three good pieces of pro set, the kit comes off my rack and I've got an anchor in the space of a minute or two.
Back on the subject of cordelettes: I almost never use mine anymore, what with the handiness of the AE and John Long's revelations regarding the impossibility of equalizing a conventional cordelette. But there's a guy on gunks.com (paulraphael) who's come up with a new way to use the cordelette that intrigues me. Sort of a hybrid of the AE and a cordelette. I've made one but haven't had a chance to try it out yet.
To see what I'm talking about, check this link.
JL |  |
By Avery Nelson From Boulder, CO Oct 16, 2007
| I hope my partner reads the comments in this thread about not belaying the leader directly off the anchor... I've had a difficult time convincing her to lead-belay off her harness.
Ron -- Yeah, knots will absorb some level of energy. I probably don't give them quite as much credit as I should, but I also tighten mine quite well at the start. I guess I figure the belayer is the most dynamic part of a normal belay.
Mark and Lee -- my typical setup is the same as yours. Perhaps in the future I'll leave my PAS with a couple inches more slack than I do currently.
Lee -- That was Twight's approach. I have used this, maybe 3 times, when I've had a crummy anchor (e.g. a #4 BD stopper was the best piece in the belay); however, it's not a regular technique. I do think it's worthwhile for the right situation, though.
I did have a partner fall on pro with a screamer in Alaska. He was also wearing a 50lb pack. It was a small fall, and only ripped the screamer about an inch or less. Also note that if the screamer does fully extend, it has acted as a load limiter up until full extension. It will never shock load more than it would have without the screamer, and in reality, that force must be much less after the screamer activates. Have a close look at the design -- no extension beyond the last thread ripping.
I'll quote a brief excerpt from Mark Twight's "Extreme Alpinism". Note the bolded phrase below. I don't go for everything he has written in his book, but still think his words carry a wealth of knowledge about alpine climbing (read: not always applicable to cragging).
"Carry five or six quick draws on the rack, with three of them featuring a shock-absorbing design. Yates, Wild Things, and others manufacture such load limiters. They restrict the impact force on any one piece of protection with a system of stitching that begins to rip at 500 pounds of force and continues to rip as long as more than 500 lbs of force is applied. When fully ripped, the sling will still hold 4,000 lbs. To our knowledge no one has fully ripped a load limiter in the mountains (or if they have, they didn't live to tell).
A load-limiting sling may keep the force of a fall low enough to prevent a suspect piece from pulling out. When used in the belay system, a fall directly onto the belay anchor probably won't rip it. A follower pushed off the belay by an avalanche probably wouldn't pull the belay either. That's why the magic number of load-limiters to carry is three: one for a suspect piece and one for each belay. The manyfold increase in security for the rope team fully justifies their extra weight."
Edit to add: Maybe I don't understand the Alpine Equalizer well. It seems if you blow one 'arm', you lose one other arm, as well -- if you haven't added a knot. Suddenly it's too complex of a gadget for my liking. When using doubles, I always avoid the webolette (cordelette) where possible, and go for two ropes to two points. One sliding x runner, a second directly to the piece. The given here is that my pieced are pretty central and it's easy to predict the direction of force on the anchor. Seems way quicker and more simple. |  |
By Ron Olsen Administrator From Boulder, CO Oct 16, 2007
| Avery Nelson wrote: Maybe I don't understand the Alpine Equalizer well. It seems if you blow one 'arm', you lose one other arm, as well -- if you haven't added a knot. Suddenly it's too complex of a gadget for my liking. As I mentioned in post: Some people criticize the Alpine Equalizer because the webbing is not redundant, but with a 25-kN breaking strength, that's good enough for me. If you're worried about this possibility, clip a backup sling to one of the anchor points, or tie your rope to a bomber anchor point with a quick clove hitch.
The Alpine Equalizer is as strong as a locking carabiner (25 kN); I don't worry about either breaking due to the force of a fall, even a factor-2 leader fall. My harness, with a 16-kN strength, would fail before the Alpine Equalizer.
Bottom line: focus on likely failure scenarios, not on things that just aren't going to happen. Of course, inspect your gear every time you use it, and retire it when you have any questions about its condition. |  |
By Chris M. Oct 17, 2007
| I completely agree with the arguments against the AE. Without knots the equalization is rendered useless if one of the pieces blows. This realigns the device and shockloads the remaining pieces. With a cord tied off with a Fig8 on a bight, the force is merely transferred to the other pieces if one goes. The AE would require knots. In terms of speed and efficiency, any competent anchor builder can use the cord as quickly as the AE. RE: Screamers, I took a 20foot fall onto a screamer last year on slightly less than vertical ice and was very surprised to not have any stitches pop on the screamer. I weighed in at 180lbs with gear on and even on a less than vert fall, was surprised I did not create enough force to activate it. The screw held anyways. |  |
By saxfiend Administrator From Atlanta, GA Oct 17, 2007
| A couple of points of clarification regarding equalization and shockloading on the AE in the event of a piece failing:
-- equalization doesn't disappear if one leg blows; the load is just equalized between the two remaining legs.
-- using an AE without limiter knots or clove hitches, there is theoretically going to be a shock load if one leg fails. In practical terms, though, shock load is minimal or non-existent. Recent tests on sliding-X anchors (and by extension, the AE, which is just a modified sliding-X) have shown that friction in the system mitigates shock loading to a great extent, especially if the legs of the anchor are short in the first place. If the legs are long, the aforementioned limiter knots or clove hitches can be used without compromising equalization.
Everything's a trade-off, and one solution doesn't work for all situations. If equalization isn't critical (e.g., a bolted belay), a cordelette with figure-8 on a bight is perfectly adequate. But in cases where equalization is vital, some variation on the AE or sliding-X is probably a better idea.
JL |  |
By Chris M. Oct 17, 2007
| These responses seem to imply that a cord cannot be equalized properly. This, I do not understand. As long as it is set in the direction of pull, AE vs. cord will be the same in terms of equalization. The friction in the AE system is not enough to avoid a shock load, and the short legs of the system are its down fall where more intricate or disparate anchors are concerned. Why not carry a cord which can has many more optios, especially if a rescue situation arises? |  |
By saxfiend Administrator From Atlanta, GA Oct 17, 2007
| Chris M. wrote: These responses seem to imply that a cord cannot be equalized properly. This, I do not understand. You might want to check out the newest edition of John Long's climbing anchor book. He outlines some eye-opening tests he did with help from experts at Sterling Ropes and others. A major finding was that equalization with a conventional cordelette is in practical terms not possible.
I know there's also a huge dialogue on rc.com between Long and others regarding his findings, there may also be something similar on supertopo. You could try searching those sites.
Hope this helps.
JL |  |
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